Fig. 4

S. aureus activates cutaneous TRPV1⁺ neurons to release CGRP. a DRG was isolated from WT mice and stained with DAPI (blue), TRPV1 (green), and CGRP (red); scale bars, 200 μm. b Primary DRG neurons isolated from 6-week-old WT mice were stained with DAPI (blue), TRPV1 (green), and CGRP (red); white arrows show colocalization of TRPV1 with CGRP; scale bars, 50 μm. c CGRP release from dorsal skin tissue of TRPV1^−/− and WT mice before and 8 h after infection (n = 4/group); One-way ANOVA with Tukey’s post hoc test. d Pretreatment of mice with RTX or PBS and CGRP release from dorsal skin tissue before and 8 h after infection (n = 4/group); One-way ANOVA with Tukey’s post hoc test. e DRG neurons were stimulated with different concentrations of S. aureus supernatant or capsaicin for 30 min, and the release of CGRP was analyzed (n = 4/group). One-way ANOVA with Tukey’s post hoc test. Data were pooled from two or three independent experiments