Figure 1

DNA internalization induced innate immune reaction. (A) RT-PCR analysis of type-I-interferon and cytokine basal expression in untreated HaCaT cells and HKC. (B) RT-PCR analysis of type-I-interferon and cytokine expression in HaCaT cells and HKC stimulated with different doses of adenoviral DNA (1, 3 and 5 μg DNA/ml medium) for 3 to 24 h. Results were normalized to a vehicle control (Fugene alone) (^ = p < 0.05, ^^ = p < 0.005 (1 μg DNA/ml medium);/= p < 0.05,//= p < 0.005 (3 μg DNA/ml medium); + = p < 0.05, ++ = p < 0.005 (5 μg DNA/ml medium). Data was presented as mean ± SEM (n = 3 per group). (C) RT-PCR analysis of type-I-interferon expression in HaCaT cells and HKC stimulated with DNA (5 μg DNA/ml medium) from adenovirus (Ad), Saccharomyces cerevisiae (SC), calf thymus (CT) and plasmids (P). Cell were stimulated for 6 h (HKC) and 15 h (HaCaT cells). Results were normalized to a vehicle control (Fugene alone). Data was presented as mean ± SEM (n = 3 per group), * = p < 0.05). (D) RT-PCR analysis of type-I-interferon of HaCaT cells transduced with different concentrations of adenovirus (10⁸ - 10¹⁰ IU; * = p < 0.05). (E) RT-PCR analysis of type-I-interferon and cytokine induction in human full thickness skin 12 h after injection of 10¹⁰ IU of an adenoviral type 5 vector encoding for the green fluorescent protein (GFP) (* = p < 0.05). Results were normalised to 18S ribosomal RNA (ratio: target gene/housekeeping gene) and compared to non-treated samples (vehicle control).