Environmental determinants of total IgE among school children living in the rural Tropics: importance of geohelminth infections and effect of anthelmintic treatment

Cooper, Philip J; Alexander, Neal; Moncayo, Ana-Lucia; Benitez, Susana M; Chico, Martha E; Vaca, Maritza G; Griffin, George E

doi:10.1186/1471-2172-9-33

Table 3 Relationship between variables and geometric mean fold change in total IgE at 12 months compared to baseline.

From: Environmental determinants of total IgE among school children living in the rural Tropics: importance of geohelminth infections and effect of anthelmintic treatment

Explanatory variable		Fold difference in geometric mean of fold change in total IgE from 0 to 12 months
			Model 1		Model 2		Model 3		Model 4
			Fold difference (95% CI)	p value	Fold difference (95% CI)	p value	Fold difference (95% CI)	p value	Fold difference (95% CI)	p value
Age (per year)			1.01 (0.94–1.10)	0.08	0.98 (0.95–1.00)	0.10	0.98 (0.95–1.00)	0.08	0.98 (0.95–1.00)	0.09
Sex (females relative to males)			0.97 (0.88–1.06)	0.48	0.96 (0.88–1.06)	0.42	0.96 (0.88–1.06)	0.44	0.97 (0.88–1.06)	0.50
Body Mass Index (per kg/m²)			1.00 (0.98–1.02)	0.89	1.00 (0.98–1.02)	0.95	1.00 (0.98–1.02)	0.98	1.00 (0.98–1.02)	0.89
Socioeconomic level (per unit score)			0.97 (0.92–1.02)	0.22	0.97 (0.92–1.02)	0.22	0.97 (0.92–1.02)	0.19	0.97 (0.93–1.02)	0.30
Crowding (per person/sleeping room)			0.98 (0.94–1.02)	0.28	0.98 (0.94–1.02)	0.31	0.98 (0.94–1.02)	0.31	0.98 (0.94–1.02)	0.26
Treated group (relative to untreated)			0.76 (0.69–0.84)	<0.001	0.75 (0.68–0.84)	<0.001	0.75 (0.68–0.84)	<0.001	0.77 (0.70–0.86)	<0.001
Geohelminth prevalence at t = 0 (present versus absent).	Any		0.88 (0.80–0.97)	0.01					0.89 (0.81–0.99)	0.03
	A. lumbricoides				0.95 (0.85–1.07)	0.38
	T. trichiura				0.95 (0.84 1.07)	0.40
	Hookworm				0.81 (0.67–0.96)	0.02	0.80 (0.67–0.96)	0.02
	S. stercoralis				1.15 (0.78–1.69)	0.47	1.19 (0.81–1.75)	0.38
Geohelminth prevalence at t = 12 (present versus absent).	Any		1.14 (1.02–1.26)	0.02					1.13 (1.02–1.26)	0.02
	A. lumbricoides				1.11 (0.98–1.26)	0.11
	T. trichiura				1.04 (0.92–1.18)	0.49
	Hookworm				1.04 (0.81–1.33)	0.76	1.08 (0.84–1.38)	0.56
	S. stercoralis				0.92 (0.56–1.51)	0.74	0.92 (0.56–1.52)	0.76
Geohelminth intensity (epg) at t = 0 (relative to no infection)	A. lumbricoides ^a	1–8000					0.94 (0.82–1.08)	0.40
		>8000					0.86 (0.73–1.00)	0.05
	T. trichiura ^b	1–500					1.06 (0.92–1.21)	0.45
		>500					0.93 (0.79–1.10)	0.42
Geohelminth intensity (epg) at t = 12 (relative to no infection)	A. lumbricoides ^c	1–8000					1.12 (0.94–1.35)	0.20
		>8000					1.15 (0.93–1.42)	0.21
	T. trichiura ^d	1–500					1.08 (0.93–1.25)	0.32
		>500					1.03 (0.85–1.25)	0.76
Anti-A. Lumbri-coides IgG t = 0^e	middle tertile								0.87 (0.75–1.00)	0.05
	upper tertile								0.81 (0.68–0.96)	0.02
Anti-A. lumbricoides IgG t = 12^f	middle tertile^g								1.14 (0.99–1.31)	0.06
	upper tertile								1.22 (1.02–1.46)	0.03

Statistical significance, after Bonferroni corrections, is inferred by: Model 1 (P < 0.03), Model 2 (P < 0.006), Model 3 (P < 0.004), and Model 4 (P < 0.008). Statistically significant P values are shown in bold for each of the 4 models. P values for test for trend: ^a0.05 ^b0.61 ^c0.13 ^d0.55 ^e0.018 ^f0.025. ^gTertile boundaries are defined by the t = 0 data and applied also to the t = 12 data.

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