Fig. 2
From: Swainsonine exposure induces impairment of host immune response in pregnant BALB/c mice
Th1 and Th2 cytokines concentration among the four groups and control (0 mg•kg-1•d-1) at baseline. Proinflammatory cytokines like TNF-α and IL-1β, and Th1 cytokine IFN-γ were significantly increased (P < 0.05) in cases of mice exposed to swainsonine, compared with the control group in a dose-related manner. a, d, e IL-1β and TNF-αincreased very significantly (P < 0.01) in peripheral blood leukocytes when exposed to swainsonine at the dose of 0.8 mg•kg−1•d−1 or higher dose (b, c). But for IFN-γ, a significant (P < 0.05) increase was observed with the treatment at a dose of 0.2 mg•kg−1•d−1. IL-4, as the Th2 cytokines and IL-10 were lower in experimental groups than in control group (P < 0.05), also in a dose-related manner. Only the dose of 0.2 mg•kg−1•d−1(P < 0.05) for IL-4 and the dose of 0.4 mg•kg−1•d-1 (P < 0.05) or higher dose (P < 0.01) for IL-10 showed inhibitory effect