Table 1 Characteristics of 252 patients with sytemic lupus erythematosus with inactive and active disease at inclusion
Characteristics | All (N = 252) | Inactivea (N = 127) | Activea (N = 125) | p-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Sex, women/men (%) | 207/45 (82/18) | 104/23 (82/18) | 103/22 (82/18) | 1.00 |
Age, median [IQR], years | 43 [32–57] | 45 [32–59] | 42 [32–55] | 0.23 |
Body mass index, median [IQR], kg/m2 | 24.1 [21.2–27.4] | 24.4 [22.0–28.5] | 24.0 [20.9–26.7] | 0.07 |
Smoking, no (%) | 46 (18) | 15 (12) | 31 (25) | <0.01 |
Disease duration, median [IQR], years | 6.2 [2.6–14.3] | 6.0 [2.9–12.8] | 6.6 [2.3–15.1] | 0.45 |
ACR criteria | ||||
Malar rash, no (%) | 92 (37) | 42 (33) | 50 (40) | 0.30 |
Discoid rash, no (%) | 46 (18) | 28 (22) | 18 (14) | 0.14 |
Photosensitivity, no (%) | 121 (48) | 58 (46) | 63 (50) | 0.53 |
Nasopharyngeal ulcers, no (%) | 70 (28) | 35 (28) | 35 (28) | 1.00 |
Arthritis, no (%) | 173 (69) | 83 (65) | 90 (72) | 0.28 |
Pleuritis, no (%) | 58 (23) | 26 (21) | 32 (26) | 0.45 |
Pericarditis, no (%) | 44 (18) | 23 (18) | 21 (17) | 0.87 |
Renal disorder, no (%) | 90 (36) | 39 (31) | 51 (41) | 0.12 |
Seizures, no (%) | 12 (5) | 4 (3) | 8 (6) | 0.25 |
Psychosis, no (%) | 13 (5) | 6 (5) | 7 (6) | 0.78 |
Hematologic disorder, no (%) | 155 (62) | 73 (58) | 82 (66) | 0.20 |
Antinuclear antibodies positive, no (%) | 246 (98) | 125 (98) | 121 (97) | 0.44 |
Anti-Sm antibody positive, no (%) | 38 (15) | 13 (10) | 25 (20) | 0.035 |
Anti-dsDNA antibodies positive, no (%) | 150 (60) | 68 (54) | 82 (66) | 0.055 |
Anti-phospholipid antibodies positive, no (%) | 108 (43) | 55 (43) | 53 (42) | 0.90 |
Laboratory values | ||||
Haemoglobin, median [IQR], g/L | 130 [117–137] | 131 [122–138] | 128 [113–135] | 0.011 |
Leukocytes, median [IQR], G/L | 5.9 [4.5–7.7] | 5.6 [4.3–7.5] | 6.2 [4.6–8.35] | 0.12 |
Platelets, median [IQR], G/L | 238 [189–294] | 240 [189–285] | 236 [185–303] | 0.97 |
Plasma creatinin, median [IQR], μmol/L | 70 [61–87] | 70 [61–86] | 70 [61–92] | 0.64 |
Serum albumin, median [IQR], g/L | 39.2 [36.6–42.0] | 40.1 [38.8–42.7] | 38 [35.0–40.3] | <0.0001 |
Erythrocyte sedimentation rate, median [IQR], mm/1st hour | 12 [6–29] | 10 [5–26] | 14 [7–34] | 0.013 |
Disease activity and damage | ||||
Physician global assesment, median [IQR] | 0 [0–1] | 0 [0–1] | 1 [0–1.25] | <0.0001 |
SELENA-SLEDAI, median [IQR] | 3 [0.25–8] | 1 [0–2] | 8 [4–12] | <0.0001 |
Treatment | ||||
Oral glucocorticosteroids, no (%) | 141 (56.0) | 55 (43.3) | 85 (68) | <0.0001 |
Daily prednisone equivalent, median [IQR], mg | 7.5 [5–12] | 5 [5–7.5] | 9 [5–20] | <0.0001 |
Antimalarials, no (%) | 178 (71) | 91 (71) | 87 (70) | 0.68 |
Immunosuppressants, no (%) | 120 (48) | 55 (43) | 65 (52) | 0.21 |