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Table 1 Bivariate and multivariate analysis of determinant factors with immune reconstitution of HAART among HIV patients in Adigrat General Hospital, Eastern Tigrai, Ethiopia; 2019: A retrospective follow up (n = 393)

From: The effect of tuberculosis on immune reconstitution among HIV patients on highly active antiretroviral therapy in Adigrat general hospital, eastern Tigrai, Ethiopia; 2019: a retrospective follow up study

Variables

Category

Immune reconstitution

P value

COR

95% CI

P value

AOR

95%CI

Failure N [%]

Success, N [%]

Sex

Male

38 [29]

93 [71]

 

1.3

[0.156–2.026

0.149

1.6

[0.840–3.152]

Female

59 [22.5]

203 [77.5]

0.160

1.0

  

1.0

 

Age category

<  15 years

13 [59]

09 [41]

0.001

7.2

[2.561–16.524]

0.921

2.3

[0.151–5.523]

15–30 years

17 [35.4]

31 [64.6]

0.002

2.7

[1.310–4.374]

0.819

1.4

[0.023–2.391]

31–45 years

48 [23.4]

157 [76.6]

0.019

1.5

[0.166–2.266]

0.648

1.2

[0.062–3.527]

46–60 years

17 [16]

89 [84]

0.362

0.9

[0.712–2.531]

0.173

0.6

[0.242–1.291]

>  60 years

02 [16.7]

10 [83.3]

 

1.0

  

1.0

 

Residence

Urban

73 [29.3]

176 [70.7]

0.006

2.1

[1.238–3.475]

0.020*

2.3

[1.137–4.602]

Rural

24 [16.7]

120 [83.3]

 

1.0

  

1.0

 

BMI

Normal

46 [20.5]

178 [79.5]

 

1.0

  

1.0

 

Overweight

06 [16.2]

31 [83.8]

0.010

0.75

[0.071–2.638]

0.203

1.5

[0.793–2.976]

Undernourished

45 [34]

87 [66]

0.000

2.0

[0.232–3.674]

0.647

1.2

[0.364–1.873]

Cotrimoxazole intake

No

23 [28.7]

57 [71.3]

0.345

1.3

[0.443–1.930]

   

Yes

74 [23.6]

239 [76.4]

 

1.0

    

Eligibility for HAART

Clinical staging

78 [24.8]

236 [75.2]

 

1.0

  

1.0

 

Test and treat

09 [37.5]

15 [62.5]

0.056

1.8

[0.243–3.378]

0.074

0.8

[0.153–1.090

Transferred in

10 [18.2]

45 [81.8]

0.080

0.7

[0.089–1.409]

0.647

1.09

[0.364–1.873]

Functional status

Working

89 [24.5]

275 [75.5]

 

1.0

    

Ambulatory

7 [26.9]

19 [73.1]

0.288

1.1

[0.119–2.780]

   

Bedridden

01 [33.3]

02 [66.7]

0.231

1.5

[0.038–3.987]

   

Baseline CD4+ T cell counts

>  250

39 [16.1]

203 [83.9]

 

1.0

  

1.0

 

≤ 250

58 [38.4]

93 [61.6]

<  0.001

3.2

[1.342–5.445]

<  0.001*

4.2

[2.977–7.961]

WHO stage

Stage I

83 [23.7]

267 [76.3]

 

1.0

  

1.0

 

Stage II

05 [23.8]

16 [76.2]

0.022

0.99

[0.234–1.871]

0.819

1.2

[0.396–3.223]

Stage III

08 [47.1]

09 [52.9]

0.151

2.9

[0.293–5.209]

0.648

1.5

[0.268–8.318]

Stage IV

01 [20]

04 [80]

0.091

0.8

[0.198–3.783]

0.798

0.7

[0.027–16.329]

Modern non-hormonal contraceptive (n = 262)

No

34 [22.5]

117 [77.5]

 

1.0

    

Yes

31 [27.9]

80 [72.1]

0.234

1.3

[0.834–2.098]

   

Treatment adherence

Good

41 [14.4]

244 [85.6]

 

1.0

  

1.0

 

Average

14 [46.7]

16 [53.3]

0.034

5.2

[2.573–8.101]

0.107

5.6

[2.978–9.829]

Weak

42 [53.8]

36 [46.2]

<  0.001

7.0

[3.987–12.090]

<  0.001*

9.4

[4.497–19.700]

Opportunistic infections

Yes

51 [26.3]

143 [73.7]

0.466

1.2

[0.749–1.877]

   

No

46 [23.1]

153 [76.9]

 

1.0

  

1.0

 

Status TB

Positive

60 [48.8]

63 [51.2]

< 0.001

6.0

[3.655–9.842]

<  0.001*

11.5

[5.704–23.191]

Negative

37 [13.7]

233 [86.3]

 

1.0

  

1.0

 

Duration of HAART

≤ 2 years

12 [35.3]

22 [64.7]

 

1.0

    

2–5 years

26 [26.3]

73 [73.7]

0.314

0.9

[0.250–1.561]

   

5–10 years

15 [25.4]

44 [74.6]

0.907

1.1

[0.458–2.001]

   

>  10 years

44 [21.9]

157 [78.1]

0.569

1.3

[0.620–2.388]

   
  1. Key: “*” indicates a significant association, AOR Adjusted odds ratio, CI Confidence interval, COR Crude odds ratio