Fig. 4

Blocking the release of PCa exosomes with GW4869 affected the tumor-promoting ability of tumor-associated macrophages. A Macrophages induced with CM from PCa treated with GW4869 decreased the invasive ability of PCa cells. Macrophages were incubated with PCa-exos, CM-2B4-GW4869/CM-1E8-GW4869, and IL-4 for 48 h. CM from each group was collected and added to PCa cells in transwell chambers. Cells in these transwell chambers were stained and observed from three randomly chosen fields (original magnification, 100×) 48 h later. B Macrophages induced with CM from PCa cells treated with GW4869 suppresses pro-angiogenic effects of PCa cells. HUVECs and PC-3M-2B4 or PC-3M-1E8 cells were inoculated into a 96 well plates pre-coated with matrigel, followed by the addition of CM from the above macrophages for 24 h. The tubular structures of endothelial cells were imaged with an inverted microscope equipped with CCD optics and a digital analysis system. Results were evaluated through counting the joint or vessel numbers in three fields per well (original magnification, 100×). *p ≤ 0.05, **p ≤ 0.01, ***p ≤ 0.001, ****p ≤ 0.0001