Figure 4

Array analysis of the released cytokines and chemokines in response to F. nucleatum and P. gingivalis in DCs and GECs. Each cytokine or chemokine is represented by duplicate spots. Supernatants (1 ml) of unstimulated cells or cells stimulated for 24 h with FnCW or PgCW were applied to RayBio human cytokine protein array III as described in Materials and Methods. The rectangles in the upper left and lower right portions of the arrays indicate positive controls. The upregulated cytokines and chemokines are indicated by solid rectangles; down-regulated or absent products are indicated by dashed rectangles. The cytokine array image represents one of two independent experiments (A, B). ENA-78, epithelial neutrophil-activating protein 78; GRO, growth regulated oncogene; MCP, macrophage colony stimulating factor; MDC, macrophage-derived chemoattractant; SDF-1, stromal cell-derived factor; TARC, thymus and activation-regulated chemokine. Note the upregulation of IL-1β in DCs with both bacterial preparations (bold rectangle). C. IL-1β in the cultured media from DCs after FnCW or PgCW stimulation. The cells were stimulated with FnCW or PgCW at the indicated dose and time points. The culture media were collected and IL-1β was quantified by ELISA. Results are represented as mean ± SD for two determinations in a representative experiment. Similar results were obtained with conditioned media from three different donors. (**: p < 0.001; *: p < 0.05). Ctl: medium only.