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Table 3 Immune responses against Giardia and control antigens as measured by the percentage of CD25CD26 positive CD4 T cells by flow-cytometry

From: Giardia-specific cellular immune responses in post-giardiasis chronic fatigue syndrome

 

Exposed

Unexposed

p-values

Stimulation agent

No PI-fatigue controls (n = 19)

PI-CFS & ICF (n = 18)

Fatigue other cause (n = 9)

Recovered from fatigue (n = 10)

Healthy controls (n = 10)

Exposed (n = 56)vs unexposed (n = 10)

No PI-fatigue controls (n = 19) vs PI-CFS/ICF(n = 19)

Giardia ass A 10 μg/ml

8.6 (5.8)

10.3 (7.7)

8.8 (5.0)

12.4 (8.1)

1.8 (3.9)

0.001

ns*

Giardia ass B 10 μg/ml

3.1 (2.2)

4.3 (7.3)

3.7 (3.9)

7.9 (5.7)

1.9 (1.6)

0.009

ns*

Tuberculin (PPD)10 μg/ml

6.6 (5.4)

11.3 (11.1)

9.2 (11.4)

13.6 (5.2)

10.0 (13.6)

ns

ns*

LPS S. typi 1 μg/ml

5.2 (5.5)

5.2 (9.6)

4.5 (2.5)

5.1 (2.9)

3.0 (14.6)

ns

ns*

  1. The values are percentages of activated CD4 T cells out of all CD4 T cells in stimulated cultures subtracted by the percentage of activated CD4 T cells in unstimulated culture
  2. *KruskalWallis test across all exposed groups was not significant (below p = 0.05). ns = not significant