Table 4 Analyses of cytokines and sCD40L in supernatants of PBMC cultured for six days after stimulation with Giardia assemblage B lysate in persons exposed to this pathogen in the Bergen 2004 outbreak with or without fatigue sequels, and in unexposed controls
From: Giardia-specific cellular immune responses in post-giardiasis chronic fatigue syndrome
Exposed | Unexposed | p-values | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Analyte | No PI-fatigue controls (n = 20) | PI-CFS & ICF (n = 19) | Fatigue other cause (n = 8) | Fully recovered (n = 9) | Healthy controls (n = 10) | Exposed (n = 56)vs unexposed (n = 10) | No PI-fatigue controls (n = 20) vs PI-CFS/ICF (n = 19) |
IL-1b | 8.4 (63.5) | 23.7 (211) | 10.0 (37.0) | 37.3 (207) | 0.8 (8.8) | <0.001 | ns* |
IL-4 | 4.1 (6.6) | 4.9 (4.8) | -0.7 (7.4) | 7.7 (5.6) | 4.0 (29.4) | 0.838 | ns* |
IL-6 | 496 (8364) | 781 (18566) | 957 (659) | 741 (991) | 85.3 (310) | <0.001 | ns* |
IL-10 | 19.7 (23.3) | 25.2 (354) | 22.7 (13.2) | 25.1 (5.9) | 7.1 (25.3) | <0.001 | ns* |
IFNy | 1009 (3656) | 1627 (4637) | 775 (2569) | 2577 (2322) | 31.6 (956) | <0.001 | ns* |
sCD40L | 7.5 (25.0) | 35.6 (59.0) | 26.6 (27.3) | 19.5 (53.5) | 0.0 (43.2) | 0.003 | 0.005 |
TNFa | 192 (407) | 346 (713) | 213 (990) | 395 (787) | 7.6 (166) | <0.001 | ns* |
IL-2 | 5.9 (9.3) | 7.1 (8.1) | 15.7 (15.1) | 6.1 (8.9) | 4.7 (4.6) | 0.107 | ns* |
IL-9 | 11.7 (39.7) | 23.5 (155) | 20.3 (22.9) | 23.6 (115) | 2.8 (14.5) | 0.018 | ns* |
IL-13 | 230 (203) | 262 (212) | 248 (371) | 441 (272) | 72.8 (100) | 0.002 | ns* |
MIPa | 51.1 (657) | 112 (645) | 252 (427) | 692 (540) | 15.5 (399) | 0.034 | ns* |
MIPb | 1691 (1856) | 2306 (1939) | 1754 (1618) | 2862 (4195) | 258 (1765) | 0.034 | ns* |
TGFb1 | -959 (2759) | -2083 (2243) | -1914 (1869) | -2749 (3429) | -3680 (1438) | 0.033 | ns* |
TGFb2 | -43.2 (61.7) | 5.7 (46.4) | 7.5 (111) | 21.0 (45.0) | -34.7 (61.1) | 0.132 | ns* |
TGFb3 | 4.7 (23.0) | -10.5 (19.3) | -7.2 (8.3) | -20.5 (15.3) | -10.3 (43.0) | 0.869 | ns* |