Fig. 1
From: Progranulin inhibits LPS-induced macrophage M1 polarization via NF-кB and MAPK pathways
LPS induces macrophage M1 polarization whereas inhibits PGRN expression Cells were treated with 100 ng/ml LPS for 24 h and the normal medium containing equal amount of PBS to LPS groups was used as negative control. a, b CD86 expression were detected by flow cytometry. c The gene level of TNF-α and iNOS were determined with q-PCR. d, e The protein level of TNF-α and iNOS were revealed by western-blot. f The secretion level of TNF-α was evaluate by ELISA. Cells were treated with 100 ng/ml P.g-LPS for 24 and 48 h. g The gene level of PGRN were detected by q-PCR. h The secretion level of PGRN were evaluated by ELISA. i, j The protein level of PGRN were determined by Western blot. N = 3, P < 0.05 (*), P < 0.001 (***) or p < 0.0001(****)