Fig. 4

Analysis of IL-10 producing CD4⁺ T cells and CD19⁺ B cells. A, B Comparison of IL-10⁺ %CD4⁺ T cells between healthy group and sepsis group. C, D Comparison of IL-10⁺  %CD19⁺ B cells between healthy group and sepsis group. Results are presented as individual values in healthy donors (n = 12; black circles) and septic patients (n = 23; red squares) and medians ± IQR. Two-tailed t-test with unequal variance or Mann–Whitney U test. *p < 0.05