Platelet-derived extracellular vesicles promote endothelial dysfunction in sepsis by enhancing neutrophil extracellular traps

Table 1 Demographic and clinical features of sepsis patients and normal volunteers

Characteristic	Normal group (n = 30)	Sepsis group (n = 30)	P value
Sex			1.000
Female, n (%)	3(10.00)	3(10.00)
Male, n (%)	27(90.00)	27(90.00)
Age, years, Mean ± SD	49.13 ± 7.22	51.60 ± 6.69	0.175
BMI, kg/m², Mean ± SD	25.38 ± 3.69	22.10 ± 2.75	< 0.001
Cause of sepsis			-
Infection, n (%)	-	24(80.00)
Non-infection, n (%)	-	6(20.00)
Hematologic, Mean ± SD
WBC, 10⁹/L	12.41 ± 3.93	6.39 ± 3.93	< 0.001
RBC, 10⁹/L	3.62 ± 1.20	4.25 ± 0.84	0.022
Neutrophils, 10⁹/L	3.54 ± 1.26	11.41 ± 3.08	< 0.001
Platelets, 10⁹/L	177.06 ± 26.92	143.36 ± 17.07	< 0.001
CRP, mg/dL	7.05 ± 2.15	19.67 ± 5.38	< 0.001
AST, U/L	142.86 ± 19.58	31.61 ± 6.13	< 0.001
ALT, U/L	132.17 ± 14.00	35.12 ± 9.59	< 0.001
Albumin, g/L	28.51 ± 4.26	46.55 ± 7.35	< 0.001
Bilirubin, µmol/L	17.22 ± 3.46	14.93 ± 2.72	0.006
Blood glucose, mmol/L	19.26 ± 4.48	5.09 ± 1.98	< 0.001
Creatinine, µmol/L	110.24 ± 22.56	91.89 ± 18.26	0.001
Lactic acid, mmol/L	6.39 ± 3.22	1.42 ± 0.56	< 0.001
SOFA score, Mean ± SD	-	7.17 ± 2.63	-
APACHE II, Mean ± SD	-	19.40 ± 5.20	-
Infection site, n (%)			-
Respiratory system	-	13(43.33)
Gastrointestinal tract	-	9(30.00)
Bloodstream infection	-	5(16.67)
other	-	3(10.00)

WBC, white blood cell; CRP, C-reactive protein; APACHE II, Acute physiology and chronic health evaluation II; SOFA, Sequential Organ Failure Assessment; SD, standard deviation

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