Fig. 4

The effect of low concentrations of sera on CIK cell growth kinetics in three study groups. (A) The maximum expansion rate was seen in a 10% concentration of sera. (B) hPL in lower concentration (5%) did not affect cell expansion. (C) The maximum cell expansion rate occurred in all three groups during the ninth and tenth days. The fold expansion and CPD in cultured cells in a medium containing 10% hPL are significantly more than 5% and 2.5% concentrations. These results were the same as HS and FBS since the 10% concentrations proved to be more efficient in CIK cell expansion than lower concentrations. (n = 3); These data were analyzed using Two-Way Repeated Measures ANOVA followed by Tukey test and shown as mean ± SEM. * as 10% compared with 5% group, # as 10% compared with 2.5% group and $ as 5% compared with 2.5% group. *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001, ****p < 0.0001