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  1. Malignant pleural effusion (MPE), which is a complex microenvironment that contains numerous immune and tumour signals, is common in lung cancer. Gene alterations, such as driver gene mutations, are believed t...

    Authors: Lei-lei Lv, Hong-bin Wang, Yao-xin Zhang, Jia-wei Zhai, Yu Shen, Qiu-Xia Qu and Cheng Chen
    Citation: BMC Immunology 2023 24:53
    Content type: Research Published on:

  3. Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a common immune-mediated condition with its molecular pathogenesis remaining to be fully elucidated. This study aimed to deepen our understanding of the role of FUT2 in human I...

    Authors: Jing Cai, Hao Wu, Chenxing Wang, Yujiao Chen, Dingli Zhang, Shiwei Guan, Beilei Fu, Yingli Jin and Cao Qian
    Citation: BMC Immunology 2023 24:51
    Content type: Research Published on:

  5. Tumor necrosis factor (TNF) is known to promote T cell migration and increase the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and chemokines. The administration of Xpro-1595, a dominant-negative TN...

    Authors: Kusuma Sai Davuluri, Amit Kumar Singh, Vimal Kumar Yadav, Ajay Vir Singh, Shoor Vir Singh and Devendra Singh Chauhan
    Citation: BMC Immunology 2023 24:49
    Content type: Research Published on:

  6. Control of Tuberculosis (TB) infection is mainly the result of productive teamwork between T-cell populations and antigen presenting cells (APCs). However, APCs activation at the site of initiating cellular im...

    Authors: Zhengzhong Xu, Xin Li, Aihong Xia, Zhifang Zhang, Jiaxu Wan, Yan Gao, Chuang Meng, Xiang Chen and Xin-an Jiao
    Citation: BMC Immunology 2023 24:48
    Content type: Research Published on:

  7. Liver failure, which is predominantly caused by hepatitis B (HBV) can be improved by an artificial liver support system (ALSS). This study investigated the phenotypic heterogeneity of immunocytes in patients w...

    Authors: Tao Ju, Daixi Jiang, Chengli Zhong, Huafen Zhang, Yandi Huang, Chunxia Zhu, Shigui Yang and Dong Yan
    Citation: BMC Immunology 2023 24:47
    Content type: Research Published on:

  8. Multi-epitope polypeptide vaccines, a fusion protein, often have a string-of-beads system composed of various specific peptide epitopes, potential adjuvants, and linkers. When choosing the sequence of various ...

    Authors: Niloofar Sadat Tabibpour, Abbas Doosti and Ali Sharifzadeh
    Citation: BMC Immunology 2023 24:46
    Content type: Research Published on:

  9. SARS-CoV-2 remains a world-wide health issue. SARS-CoV-2-specific immunity is induced upon both infection and vaccination. However, defining the long-term immune trajectory, especially after infection, is limi...

    Authors: Astrid Korning Hvidt, Huaijian Guo, Rebecca Andersen, Stine Sofie Frank Lende, Line Khalidan Vibholm, Ole Schmeltz Søgaard, Marianne Hoegsbjerg Schleimann, Victoria Russell, Angela Man-Wei Cheung, Eustache Paramithiotis, Rikke Olesen and Martin Tolstrup
    Citation: BMC Immunology 2023 24:45
    Content type: Research Published on:

  11. Glucocorticoids are the first-line treatment for Pemphigus vulgaris (PV), but its serious side effects can be life-threatening for PV patients. Tacrolimus (FK506) has been reported to have an adjuvant treatmen...

    Authors: Zhimin Xie, Xiangnong Dai, Qingqing Li, Sifan Lin and Xingdong Ye
    Citation: BMC Immunology 2023 24:43
    Content type: Research Published on:

  12. Lymphedema is an intractable disease that can be caused by injury to lymphatic vessels, such as by surgical treatments for cancer. It can lead to impaired joint mobility in the extremities and reduced quality ...

    Authors: Toshihiko Nishioka, Kei-ichi Katayama, Shinji Kumegawa, Kyoichi Isono, Takashi Baba, Hiroshi Tsujimoto, Gen Yamada, Norimitsu Inoue and Shinichi Asamura
    Citation: BMC Immunology 2023 24:42
    Content type: Research Published on:

  14. The aim of this study is to clarify the changes of peripheral CD3−CD56+CD16+ NK cells and their correlation with Th1/Th2 immunity profiles in asthma during the phase of acute upper respiratory viral infections (A...

    Authors: Meixuan Liu, Yunxuan Zhang, Yunqian Hu, Zhongliang Guo and Lin Dong
    Citation: BMC Immunology 2023 24:40
    Content type: Research Published on:

  15. Leptospirosis is a zoonotic disease caused by Leptospira species. Variations in lipopolysaccharide (LPS) structure in Leptospira are known to be associated with the serovar diversity and antigenicity. Development...

    Authors: Dakshika Gangani, Wathsala Dissanayake, Rajiva de Silva, Kaushalya Anuradha, Lilani Karunanayake, Narmada Fernando, Senaka Rajapakse, Sunil Premawansa and Shiroma Handunnetti
    Citation: BMC Immunology 2023 24:39
    Content type: Research Published on:

  16. Novel prophylactic drugs and vaccination strategies for protection against influenza virus should induce specific effector T-cell immune responses in pulmonary airways and peripheral lymphoid organs. Designing...

    Authors: Jing Tian, Wenrui Fu, Zifeng Xie, Xiaonan Wang, Miao Miao, Fengping Shan and Xiaodong Yu
    Citation: BMC Immunology 2023 24:38
    Content type: Research Published on:

  17. The association between lipid metabolism disorder and carcinogenesis is well-established, but there is limited research on the connection between lipid metabolism-related genes (LRGs) and lung adenocarcinoma (...

    Authors: Yi Yin, Muqun He, Yunjian Huang and Xianhe Xie
    Citation: BMC Immunology 2023 24:37
    Content type: Research Published on:

  18. Digestive autoimmune conditions are a growing challenge to global health. Risk factors associated with autoimmune digestive diseases are complex, including genetic variation, immunological dysfunction, and var...

    Authors: Lina Sun and Baojun Zhang
    Citation: BMC Immunology 2023 24:36
    Content type: Editorial Published on:

  19. Bcl-3 is a member of the IκB protein family and an essential modulator of NF-κB activity. It is well established that Bcl-3 is critical for the normal development, survival and differentiation of adaptive immu...

    Authors: Hui Liu, Lin Zeng, Mengmeng Pan, Liwenhui Huang, Hanying Li, Mengxia Liu, Xinqing Niu, Chenguang Zhang and Hui Wang
    Citation: BMC Immunology 2023 24:35
    Content type: Research Published on:

  20. Rapid and accurate diagnosis of individuals with SARS-CoV-2 infection is an effective way to prevent and control the spread of COVID-19. Although the detection of SARS‐CoV‐2 viral RNA by RT‐qPCR is the gold st...

    Authors: Kengo Nishimura, Hiroaki Kitazawa, Takashi Kawahata, Kosuke Yuhara, Takahiro Masuya, Toshihiro Kuroita, Kentarou Waki, Seiichi Koike, Masaharu Isobe and Nobuyuki Kurosawa
    Citation: BMC Immunology 2023 24:34
    Content type: Research Published on:

  21. Patients with idiopathic inflammatory myopathy (IIM) often express a different type of myositis-specific autoantibodies (MSAs), each associated with different clinical symptoms. Understanding the immunopathoge...

    Authors: Joung-Liang Lan, Shih-Hsin Chang, Gregory J. Tsay, Der-Yuan Chen, Yu-Hua Chao and Ju-Pi Li
    Citation: BMC Immunology 2023 24:33
    Content type: Research Published on:

  22. HLA-B27 positivity is normal in patients undergoing rheumatic diseases. The diagnosis of many diseases requires an HLA-B27 examination.

    Authors: Jichong Zhu, Weiming Tan, Xinli Zhan, Qing Lu, Tuo Liang, JieJiang, Hao Li, Chenxing Zhou, Shaofeng Wu, Tianyou Chen, Yuanlin Yao, Shian Liao, Chaojie Yu, Liyi Chen and Chong Liu
    Citation: BMC Immunology 2023 24:32
    Content type: Research Published on:

  23. The role of dendritic cells and the autophagy state of dendritic cells in the immune response of hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection was still controversial. In this study, we carefully examined the phenotype, f...

    Authors: Hua Xu, Juan Kang, Shan Zhong, Min Chen, Peng Hu, Hong Ren, Zhi Zhou and Yu Lei
    Citation: BMC Immunology 2023 24:31
    Content type: Research Published on:

  24. Inflammasomes are a group of molecules that are strongly involved in causing inflammation. This study aimed to evaluate the expression of NLR family pyrin domain containing 1 (NLRP1), NLRP3, and Apoptosis-asso...

    Authors: Zahra Bagheri-Hosseinabadi, Ali Shamsizadeh, Fatemeh Bahrehmand and Mitra Abbasifard
    Citation: BMC Immunology 2023 24:30
    Content type: Research Published on:

  25. . Lack of exposure to the natural microbial diversity of the environment has been linked to dysregulation of the immune system and numerous noncommunicable diseases, such as allergies and autoimmune disorders....

    Authors: Laura Kummola, Martín I. González-Rodríguez, Pertti Marnila, Noora Nurminen, Tanja Salomaa, Lotta Hiihtola, Iida Mäkelä, Olli H. Laitinen, Heikki Hyöty, Aki Sinkkonen and Ilkka S. Junttila
    Citation: BMC Immunology 2023 24:29
    Content type: Research Published on:

  26. Cytokine-induced killer (CIK) cells have shown promising results in adoptive immunotherapy. However, serum may play a determining role in the large-scale expansion of these cells for clinical applications. Acc...

    Authors: Zahra Jabbarpour, Seyed Sajjad Aghayan, Kobra Moradzadeh, Sasan Ghaffari and Naser Ahmadbeigi
    Citation: BMC Immunology 2023 24:28
    Content type: Research Published on:

  27. This study was designed to investigate the efficacy and safety of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs)-based therapy in proficient mismatch repair (pMMR)/non-microsatellite instability-high (non-MSI-H) metastat...

    Authors: Qing Wu, Ziming Wang, Yang Luo and Xianhe Xie
    Citation: BMC Immunology 2023 24:27
    Content type: Research Published on:

  28. Lung cavitation is associated with heightened TB transmission and poor treatment outcomes. This study aimed to determine the relationship between systemic inflammation and lung cavitation in drug-resistant TB ...

    Authors: Thando Glory Maseko, Slindile Ngubane, Marothi Letsoalo, Santhuri Rambaran, Derseree Archary, Natasha Samsunder, Rubeshan Perumal, Surie Chinappa, Nesri Padayatchi, Kogieleum Naidoo and Aida Sivro
    Citation: BMC Immunology 2023 24:26
    Content type: Research Published on:

  29. Fishing communities surrounding Lake Victoria in Uganda have HIV prevalence of 28% and incidence rates of 5 per 100 person years. More than 50% of the local fishermen are infected with Schistosoma mansoni (S. man...

    Authors: Andrew Ekii Obuku, Jacqueline Kyosiimire Lugemwa, Andrew Abaasa, Moses Joloba, Song Ding, Justin Pollara, Guido Ferrari, Alexandre Harari, Giuseppe Pantaleo and Pontiano Kaleebu
    Citation: BMC Immunology 2023 24:25
    Content type: Research Published on:

  31. New combinations based on standard therapeutic modalities and immunotherapy require understanding the immunomodulatory properties of traditional treatments. The objective was to evaluate the impact of brachyth...

    Authors: Isabel Linares, Miguel Ángel Berenguer Frances, Rut Cañas, Dina Najjari, Cristina Gutiérrez, Susanna Marín, Silvia Comas, Ferran Guedea and Monica Pujol
    Citation: BMC Immunology 2023 24:23
    Content type: Research Published on:

  33. Understanding the complex interactions of the immune response mediated by Mycobacterium tuberculosis and HIV co-infection is fundamental to disease biomarker discovery, vaccine, and drug development. Using flow c...

    Authors: Santhuri Rambaran, Thando Glory Maseko, Lara Lewis, Razia Hassan-Moosa, Derseree Archary, Sinaye Ngcapu, Nigel Garrett, Lyle R. McKinnon, Nesri Padayatchi, Kogieleum Naidoo and Aida Sivro
    Citation: BMC Immunology 2023 24:21
    Content type: Research Published on:

  35. Allergen-specific immunotherapy (AIT) is a causative treatment in allergic rhinitis (AR), comprising long-term allergen administration and over three years of treatment. This study is carried out for revealing...

    Authors: Kai Fan, Shican Zhou, Ling Jin, Shiwang Tan, Ju Lai, Zimu Zhang, Jingwen Li, Xiayue Xu, Chunyan Yao, Zhiqiang Yan and Shaoqing Yu
    Citation: BMC Immunology 2023 24:19
    Content type: Research Published on:

  36. The immunity of CD4+ T cell subsets against human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) is considerable due to their essential role in controlling the infection in transplant individuals. Previously explained CD4+ subsets such ...

    Authors: Yashgin Hassanzadeh, Ramin Yaghobi, Parviz Pakzad and Bita Geramizadeh
    Citation: BMC Immunology 2023 24:18
    Content type: Research Published on:

  37. Primary Sjogren’s Syndrome (pSS) is a lymphoproliferative disease with autoimmune characteristics, which is characterized by lymphocyte infiltration of exocrine glands and involvement and dysfunction of extrag...

    Authors: Liyun Cheng, Lu Liu, Ronghui Su, Huanhuan Yan, Xiaoyu Zi, Chong Gao, Xiaofeng Li and Caihong Wang
    Citation: BMC Immunology 2023 24:17
    Content type: Research Published on:

  38. Transient receptor potential ankyrin 1 (TRPA1) channels are known to be actively involved in various pathophysiological conditions, including neuronal inflammation, neuropathic pain, and various immunological ...

    Authors: Anukrishna Radhakrishnan, Tathagata Mukherjee, Chandan Mahish, P Sanjai Kumar, Chandan Goswami and Subhasis Chattopadhyay
    Citation: BMC Immunology 2023 24:16
    Content type: Research Published on:

  40. Dendritic Cell Cytokine-induced killer cell (DC-CIK) coculture treatment in cancer immunotherapy has been shown to be effective. However, the cost of DC- CIK therapy is prohibitive for many patients, and the l...

    Authors: Yi-Yen Lee, Shao-Ciao Luo, Chung-Hsin Lee, Chien-Lun Tang, Chiung-Chyi Shen, Wen-Yu Cheng, Yi-Chin Yang, Meng-Yin Yang and Chun-Ming Yen
    Citation: BMC Immunology 2023 24:14
    Content type: Research Published on:

  41. Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) is a chronic autoimmune disease affecting different organ systems. This study aimed to determine the concentrations of 30 different human cytokines, chemokines, and growth fa...

    Authors: Laila A. Damiati, Iuliana Denetiu, Sami Bahlas, Samar Damiati and Peter Natesan Pushparaj
    Citation: BMC Immunology 2023 24:13
    Content type: Research Published on:

  42. Patients with Sjögren’s syndrome, like other patients with autoimmune disorders, display dysregulation in the function of their immune system. Fas and Fas Ligand (FasL) are among the dysregulated proteins.

    Authors: Irena Lindrova, Martina Kolackova, Tereza Svadlakova, Radka Vankova, Marcela Chmelarova, Michaela Rosecka, Eva Jozifkova, Martin Sembera, Jan Krejsek and Radovan Slezak
    Citation: BMC Immunology 2023 24:12
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  43. Elevated levels of extracellular adenosine triphosphate (ATP) modulate immunologic pathways and are considered to be a danger signal in inflammation, lung fibrosis and cancer. Macrophages can be classified int...

    Authors: Benedikt F. Scherr, Martin F. Reiner, Flavia Baumann, Kerstin Höhne, Tobias Müller, Korcan Ayata, Joachim Müller-Quernheim, Marco Idzko and Gernot Zissel
    Citation: BMC Immunology 2023 24:11
    Content type: Research Published on:

  44. KIR/HLA mismatch in hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT), particularly in patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML), was related to decreased recurrence rates, improved engraftment, and a reduction ...

    Authors: Tahereh Bakhtiari, Mohammad Ahmadvand, Marjan Yaghmaie, Alireza Sadeghi, Seied Asadollah Mousavi, Tahereh Rostami and Mazdak Ganjalikhani-Hakemi
    Citation: BMC Immunology 2023 24:10
    Content type: Research Published on:

  45. Common Variable Immunodeficiency (CVID) is a primary immunodeficiency syndrome resulting in recurrent infections, autoimmunity, and granulomatous manifestations.

    Authors: Hossein Esmaeilzadeh, Armita Jokar-Derisi, Amir Hossein Hassani, Reza Yazdani, Samaneh Delavari, Hassan Abolhassani, Negar Mortazavi and Aida Askarisarvestani
    Citation: BMC Immunology 2023 24:9
    Content type: Research Published on:

  46. The correlation between primary immunodeficiencies (PIDs) and autoimmunity shows ethnic and geographical diversity. The aim of our study was to accumulate more data in paediatric PID population.

    Authors: Karolina Pieniawska-Śmiech, Aleksandra Lewandowicz-Uszyńska, Magdalena Zemelka-Wiacek and Marek Jutel
    Citation: BMC Immunology 2023 24:8
    Content type: Research Published on:

  47. Coevolution between pathogens and their hosts decreases host morbidity and mortality. Bats host and can tolerate viruses which can be lethal to other vertebrate orders, including humans. Bat adaptations to inf...

    Authors: Markéta Harazim, Juliette Perrot, Hugo Varet, Hervé Bourhy, Julien Lannoy, Jiri Pikula, Veronika Seidlová, Laurent Dacheux and Natália Martínková
    Citation: BMC Immunology 2023 24:7
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  48. Primary immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) is characterized for the skewed Th differentiation towards Th1 and Th17 cells as well as the impaired number and function of regulatory T cells (Tregs). Tregs are capable ...

    Authors: Jingjing Cao, Yanxia Zhan, Lili Ji, Pu Chen, Luya Cheng, Feng Li, Xibing Zhuang, Zhihui Min, Lihua Sun, Fanli Hua, Hao Chen, Boting Wu and Yunfeng Cheng
    Citation: BMC Immunology 2023 24:6
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  50. Aspergillosis is a common cause of morbidity and mortality in immunocompromised populations. PU.1 is critical for innate immunity against Aspergillus fumigatus (AF) in macrophages. However, the molecular mechanis...

    Authors: Min Wang, Ming Zhang, Jiayong Qiu, Chenyang Liu, Yao Lou, Tongsheng Wang, Yingmin Zhang and Yimin Mao
    Citation: BMC Immunology 2023 24:4
    Content type: Research Published on:

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BMC Immunology

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