Articles

Small-intestinal TG2-specific plasma cells at different stages of coeliac disease

In coeliac disease, ingestion of gluten induces the production of transglutaminase 2 (TG2)-targeted autoantibodies by TG2-specific plasma cells present at high frequency in the small intestinal mucosa in untre...

Authors: Minna Hietikko, Outi Koskinen, Kalle Kurppa, Kaija Laurila, Päivi Saavalainen, Teea Salmi, Tuire Ilus, Heini Huhtala, Katri Kaukinen and Katri Lindfors

A novel approach for rapid high-throughput selection of recombinant functional rat monoclonal antibodies

Most monoclonal antibodies against mouse antigens have been derived from rat spleen-mouse myeloma fusions, which are valuable tools for purposes ranging from general laboratory reagents to therapeutic drugs, a...

Authors: Qin Chen, Shengping Qiu, Huanhuan Li, Chaolong Lin, Yong Luo, Wenfeng Ren, Yidi Zou, Yale Wang, Ninghshao Xia and Chenghao Huang

Characterization of anti-EBA175RIII-V in asymptomatic adults and children living in communities in the Greater Accra Region of Ghana with varying malaria transmission intensities

Antibodies against Region III-V of the erythrocyte binding antigen (EBA) 175 (EBA175RIII-V) have been suggested to provide protection from malaria in a natural infection. However, the quality and quantity of n...

Authors: L. E. Amoah, H. B. Abagna, K. Akyea-Mensah, A. C. Lo, K. A. Kusi and B. A. Gyan

Lung–infiltrating T helper 17 cells as the major source of interleukin-17A production during pulmonary Cryptococcus neoformans infection

IL-17A has emerged as a key player in the pathologies of inflammation, autoimmune disease, and immunity to microbes since its discovery two decades ago. In this study, we aim to elucidate the activity of IL-17...

Authors: Elaheh Movahed, Yi Ying Cheok, Grace Min Yi Tan, Chalystha Yie Qin Lee, Heng Choon Cheong, Rukumani Devi Velayuthan, Sun Tee Tay, Pei Pei Chong, Won Fen Wong and Chung Yeng Looi

Immune activation and regulatory T cells in Mycobacterium tuberculosis infected lymph nodes

Lymph node tuberculosis (LNTB) is the most frequent extrapulmonary form of tuberculosis (TB). Studies of human tuberculosis at sites of disease are limited. LNTB provides a unique opportunity to compare local in ...

Authors: Karima Sahmoudi, Hassan Abbassi, Nada Bouklata, Mohamed Nouredine El Alami, Abderrahmane Sadak, Christopher Burant, W. Henry Boom, Rajae El Aouad, David H. Canaday and Fouad Seghrouchni

Altered endotoxin responsiveness in healthy children with Down syndrome

Down syndrome (DS) is the most common syndromic immunodeficiency with an increased risk of infection, mortality from sepsis, and autoinflammation. Innate immune function is altered in DS and therefore we exami...

Authors: Dean Huggard, Fiona McGrane, Niamh Lagan, Edna Roche, Joanne Balfe, Timothy Ronan Leahy, Orla Franklin, Ana Moreno, Ashanty M. Melo, Derek G. Doherty and Eleanor J. Molloy

Blood handling and leukocyte isolation methods impact the global transcriptome of immune cells

Transcriptional profiling with ultra-low input methods can yield valuable insights into disease, particularly when applied to the study of immune cells using RNA-sequencing. The advent of these methods has all...

Authors: Brittany A. Goods, Jacqueline M. Vahey, Arthur F. Steinschneider, Michael H. Askenase, Lauren Sansing and J. Christopher Love

The excretory-secretory products of Echinococcus granulosus protoscoleces stimulated IL-10 production in B cells via TLR-2 signaling

Excretory-secretory products released by Echinococcus granulosus protoscoleces (EgPSC-ESPs) are well-known to regulate T cell responses. However, their direct influence on the differentiation of B cell subsets re...

Authors: Wei Pan, Hui-wen Xu, Wen-ting Hao, Fen-fen Sun, Yan-fang Qin, Shan-shan Hao, Hua Liu, Jian-ping Cao, Yu-juan Shen and Kui-yang Zheng

Treponema pallidum promotes macrophage polarization and activates the NLRP3 inflammasome pathway to induce interleukin-1β production

The involvement of inflammasome activation and macrophage polarization during the process of syphilis infection remains unknown. In this study, A series of experiments were performed using human macrophages to...

Authors: Li-Rong Lin, Wei Liu, Xiao-Zhen Zhu, Yu-Yan Chen, Zheng-Xiang Gao, Kun Gao, Man-Li Tong, Hui-Lin Zhang, Yao Xiao, Wen-Dong Li, Shu-Lian Li, Hui-Ling Lin, Li-Li Liu, Zan-Xi Fang, Jian-Jun Niu, Yong Lin…

Pharmacologically upregulated carcinoembryonic antigen-expression enhances the cytolytic activity of genetically-modified chimeric antigen receptor NK-92MI against colorectal cancer cells

The natural killer cell line, NK-92MI, is cytotoxic against various types of cancer. The aim of this study was to develop chimeric antigen receptor-modified (CAR) NK-92MI cells targeting carcinoembryonic antig...

Authors: Masayuki Shiozawa, Chuan-Hsin Chang, Yi-Chun Huang, Yi-Ching Chen, Mau-Shin Chi, Hsu-Chao Hao, Yue-Cune Chang, Satoru Takeda, Kwan-Hwa Chi and Yu-Shan Wang

The differences in immunoadjuvant mechanisms of TLR3 and TLR4 agonists on the level of antigen-presenting cells during immunization with recombinant adenovirus vector

Agonists of TLR3 and TLR4 are effective immunoadjuvants for different types of vaccines. The mechanisms of their immunostimulatory action differ significantly; these differences are particularly critical for i...

Authors: Ekaterina Lebedeva, Alexander Bagaev, Alexey Pichugin, Marina Chulkina, Andrei Lysenko, Irina Tutykhina, Maxim Shmarov, Denis Logunov, Boris Naroditsky and Ravshan Ataullakhanov

MiR-18a and miR-17 are positively correlated with circulating PD-1⁺ICOS⁺ follicular helper T cells after hepatitis B vaccination in a chinese population

While vaccination remains the most effective method to control hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection, 5–10% of recipients exhibit non-responsiveness to the HB vaccine. Immunological analysis of strong, weak or abs...

Authors: Xiaojia Xu, Yulian Li, Yaping Liang, Mingjuan Yin, Zuwei Yu, Yan Zhang, Lingfeng Huang and Jindong Ni

Sustained high glucose exposure sensitizes macrophage responses to cytokine stimuli but reduces their phagocytic activity

Macrophages are tissue resident immune cells important for host defence and homeostasis. During diabetes, macrophages and other innate immune cells are known to have a pro-inflammatory phenotype, which is beli...

Authors: Sofia Pavlou, Jaime Lindsay, Rebecca Ingram, Heping Xu and Mei Chen

Dynamics of macrophage populations of the liver after subtotal hepatectomy in rats

In many clinical cases of extensive liver resection (e.g. due to malignancy), the residual portion is too small to maintain the body homeostasis. The resulting acute liver failure is associated with the compen...

Authors: Andrey V. Elchaninov, Timur Kh. Fatkhudinov, Natalia Y. Usman, Evgeniya Y. Kananykhina, Irina V. Arutyunyan, Andrey V. Makarov, Anastasia V. Lokhonina, Irina Z. Eremina, Viktor V. Surovtsev, Dmitry V. Goldshtein, Galina B. Bolshakova, Valeria V. Glinkina and Gennady T. Sukhikh

Analysis of differences between total IgG and sum of the IgG subclasses in children with suspected immunodeficiency – indication of determinants

Deficits in disorders of humoral immunity associated with a deficit of antibodies are the most common primary immunodeficiency. Total IgG and IgG subclasses measurements are used to diagnose, differentiate and...

Authors: Gerard Pasternak, Aleksandra Lewandowicz-Uszyńska and Katarzyna Pentoś

MCSF drives regulatory DC development in stromal co-cultures supporting hematopoiesis

Splenic stroma overlaid with hematopoietic progenitors supports in vitro hematopoiesis with production of dendritic-like cells. Co-cultures of murine lineage-depleted bone marrow over the 5G3 stromal line prod...

Authors: Sawang Petvises, Pravin Periasamy and Helen C. O’Neill

Interference with KCTD9 inhibits NK cell activation and ameliorates fulminant liver failure in mice

Potassium channel tetramerisation domain containing 9 (KCTD9), a member of KCTD family with a DNA-like pentapeptide repeat domain, was found to be increased particularly in NK cells of patients with HBV-induce...

Authors: Xiaoping Zhang, Lin Zhu, Yaoyong Zhou, Aichao Shi, Hongwu Wang, Meifang Han, Xiaoyang Wan, Semvua Bukheti Kilonzo, Xiaoping Luo, Tao Chen and Qin Ning

Rapid loss of early antigen-presenting activity of lymph node dendritic cells against Ag85A protein following Mycobacterium bovis BCG infection

Control of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) infection requires CD4⁺ T-cell responses and major histocompatibility complex class II (MHC II) presentation of Mtb antigens (Ags). Dendritic cells (DCs) are the most p...

Authors: Zhengzhong Xu, Aihong Xia, Xin Li, Zhaocheng Zhu, Yechi Shen, Shanshan Jin, Tian Lan, Yuqing Xie, Han Wu, Chuang Meng, Lin Sun, Yuelan Yin, Xiang Chen and Xinan Jiao

A pilot and comparative study between pathological and serological levels of immunoglobulin and complement among three kinds of primary glomerulonephritis

Immunoglobulin A nephropathy (IgAN), membranous nephropathy (MN) and minimal-change disease (MCD) are three common types of glomerulonephritis in China. Pathological diagnosis based on renal biopsy is the crit...

Authors: Jin Dong, Tianhao Peng, Jing Gao, Xingwang Jia, Guangtao Yan and Yong Wang

The expression analysis of Fra-1 gene and IL-11 protein in Iranian patients with ulcerative colitis

Fra-1 (fosl1) belongs to the activator protein1 (AP-1) family inducing IL-11 expression in oxidative stress condition. IL-11 plays a pivotal role in protecting epithelial barriers integrity. In this study, we inv...

Authors: Milad Sabzevary-Ghahfarokhi, Mojtaba Shohan, Hedayatollah Shirzad, Ghorbanali Rahimian, Nader Bagheri, Amin Soltani, Fatemeh Deris, Mahdi Ghatreh-Samani and Ehsan Razmara

Cancer immunoprevention: from mice to early clinical trials

Cancer immunoprevention is based on the fact that a functioning immune system controls tumor onset and development in humans and animals, thus leading to the idea that the enhancement of immune responses in he...

Authors: Arianna Palladini, Lorena Landuzzi, Pier-Luigi Lollini and Patrizia Nanni

A qualitatively validated mathematical-computational model of the immune response to the yellow fever vaccine

Although a safe and effective yellow fever vaccine was developed more than 80 years ago, several issues regarding its use remain unclear. For example, what is the minimum dose that can provide immunity against...

Authors: Carla R. B. Bonin, Guilherme C. Fernandes, Rodrigo W. dos Santos and Marcelo Lobosco

Therapeutic cancer vaccine: phase I clinical tolerance study of Hu-rhEGF-rP64k/Mont in patients with newly diagnosed advanced non-small cell lung cancer

Hu-rhEGF-rP64k/Mont is a biotechnology product for the treatment of advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). The vaccine induces a neutralizing antibody-mediated immune response, against the normal circula...

Authors: Puyuan Xing, Hongyu Wang, Sheng Yang, Xiaohong Han, Yan Sun and Yuankai Shi

Neutrophils in primary gastric tumors are correlated with neutrophil infiltration in tumor-draining lymph nodes and the systemic inflammatory response

Tumor-Associated Neutrophils (TANs) may be able to induce lymphangiogenesis and angiogenesis, although the detailed roles of TANs remain unclear. The Neutrophil-Lymphocyte Ratio (NLR) is an inflammation-based ...

Authors: Soichiro Hiramatsu, Hiroaki Tanaka, Junya Nishimura, Chie Sakimura, Tatsuro Tamura, Takahiro Toyokawa, Kazuya Muguruma, Masakazu Yashiro, Kosei Hirakawa and Masaichi Ohira

Low HLA binding of diabetes-associated CD8+ T-cell epitopes is increased by post translational modifications

Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is thought to be an autoimmune disease driven by anti-islet antigen responses and mediated by T-cells. Recent published data suggests that T-cell reactivity to modified peptides, effectiv...

Authors: John Sidney, Jose Luis Vela, Dave Friedrich, Ravi Kolla, Matthias von Herrath, Johnna D. Wesley and Alessandro Sette

In silico prediction of cancer immunogens: current state of the art

Cancer kills 8 million annually worldwide. Although survival rates in prevalent cancers continue to increase, many cancers have no effective treatment, prompting the search for new and improved protocols. Immu...

Authors: Irini A. Doytchinova and Darren R. Flower

Utility of dominant epitopes derived from cell-wall protein LppZ for immunodiagnostic of pulmonary tuberculosis

Serological antibodies tests for tuberculosis (TB) are widely used in developing countries. They appear to have some advantages- faster, simple and could be used for extrapulmonary TB. However, most of current...

Authors: Jinjing Tan, Xiaoguang Wu, Suting Chen, Meng Gu, Hairong Huang and Wentao Yue

Beta-2 adrenergic receptors increase TREG cell suppression in an OVA-induced allergic asthma mouse model when mice are moderate aerobically exercised

The potency of T regulatory (TREG) cells to inhibit T helper (Th)-driven immune cell responses has been linked to increased intracellular cyclic-AMP (cAMP) levels of TREG cells. In an ovalbumin (OVA)-driven al...

Authors: Kari J. Dugger, Taylor Chrisman, Sarah L. Sayner, Parker Chastain, Kacie Watson and Robert Estes

Pathogen recognition by NK cells amplifies the pro-inflammatory cytokine production of monocyte-derived DC via IFN-γ

Besides their prominent role in the elimination of infected or malignantly transformed cells, natural killer (NK) cells serve as modulators of adaptive immune responses. Enhancing bidirectional crosstalk betwe...

Authors: Tammy Oth, Thomas H. P. M. Habets, Wilfred T. V. Germeraad, Marijke I. Zonneveld, Gerard M. J. Bos and Joris Vanderlocht

Establishment of malignantly transformed dendritic cell line SU3-ihDCTC induced by Glioma stem cells and study on its sensitivity to resveratrol

As a factor contributing to the tumor cell drug resistance, tumor microenvironment (TME) is being paid increasingly attention. However, the drug resistance of malignantly transformed cells in TME has rarely be...

Authors: Xifeng Fei, Anqi Wang, Delin Wang, Xan Meng, Jiawei Ma, Lei Hong, Ruwei Qin, Aidong Wang, Jun Dong, Qiang Huang and Zhimin Wang

Down selecting adjuvanted vaccine formulations: a comparative method for harmonized evaluation

The need for rapid and accurate comparison of panels of adjuvanted vaccine formulations and subsequent rational down selection, presents several challenges for modern vaccine development. Here we describe a me...

Authors: Sumera Y. Younis, Christophe Barnier-Quer, Simon Heuking, Vinod Sommandas, Livia Brunner, Nicole vd.Werff, Patrice Dubois, Martin Friede, Clemens Kocken, Nicolas Collin and Ed Remarque

RNA gene profile variation in peripheral blood mononuclear cells from rhesus macaques immunized with Hib conjugate vaccine, Hib capsular polysaccharide and TT carrier protein

The Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib) conjugate vaccine has been widely used in children to prevent invasive Hib disease because of its strong immunogenicity and antibody response induction relative to the caps...

Authors: Jing Tang, Ying Zhang, Xiaolong Zhang, Yun Liao, Yongrong Wang, Shengjie Ouyang, Yanchun Che, Miao Xu, Jing Pu, Qi Shen, Zhanlong He, Qiang Ye and Qihan Li

Co-localization of lymphoid aggregates and lymphatic networks in nose- (NALT) and lacrimal duct-associated lymphoid tissue (LDALT) of mice

The lymphatic vascular pattern in the head of mice has rarely been studied, due to problems of sectioning and immunostaining of complex bony structures. Therefore, the association of head lymphoid tissues with...

Authors: Melanie Lohrberg, Reinhard Pabst and Jörg Wilting

Distribution of M1 and M2 macrophages in tumor islets and stroma in relation to prognosis of non-small cell lung cancer

Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) remains the most common cause of cancer related death worldwide. Tumor-infiltrating macrophages are believed to play an important role in growth, progression, and metastasis ...

Authors: Jurgita Jackute, Marius Zemaitis, Darius Pranys, Brigita Sitkauskiene, Skaidrius Miliauskas, Simona Vaitkiene and Raimundas Sakalauskas

Cattle infection response network and its functional modules

Weighted Gene Co-expression Network analysis, a powerful technique used to extract co-expressed gene pattern from mRNA expression data, was constructed to infer common immune strategies used by cattle in respo...

Authors: Hamid Beiki, Abbas Pakdel, Ardeshir Nejati Javaremi, Ali Masoudi-Nejad and James M. Reecy

Association between major depressive disorder and pro-inflammatory cytokines and acute phase proteins among HIV-1 positive patients in Uganda

Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a common psychiatric complication of HIV/AIDS. While considerable research has been undertaken to understand the psychosocial risk factors of MDD, there is a paucity of data ...

Authors: Kenneth Musinguzi, Andrew Obuku, Noeline Nakasujja, Harriet Birabwa, Juliet Nakku, Jonathan Levin and Eugene Kinyanda

Functional expression of CCL8 and its interaction with chemokine receptor CCR3

Chemokines and their cognate receptors play important role in the control of leukocyte chemotaxis, HIV entry and other inflammatory diseases. Developing an effcient method to investigate the functional express...

Authors: Baosheng Ge, Jiqiang Li, Zhijin Wei, Tingting Sun, Yanzhuo Song and Naseer Ullah Khan

Rheumatoid factor is correlated with disease activity and inflammatory markers in antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody-associated vasculitis

Some patients with antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA)-associated vasculitis (AAV) also have positivity of rheumatoid factor (RF). However, the clinical significance of this occurrence remains unknown i...

Authors: Shinji Watanabe, Takahisa Gono, Kumiko Nishina, Naohiro Sugitani, Eri Watanabe, Hiroki Yabe and Chihiro Terai

Renal allograft rejection, lymphocyte infiltration, and de novo donor-specific antibodies in a novel model of non-adherence to immunosuppressive therapy

Non-adherence has been associated with reduced graft survival. The aim of this study was to investigate the immunological mechanisms underlying chronic renal allograft rejection using a model of non-adherence ...

Authors: Louisa Kühne, Bettina Jung, Helen Poth, Antonia Schuster, Simone Wurm, Petra Ruemmele, Bernhard Banas and Tobias Bergler

Mesenchymal stem cell conditioned medium alleviates oxidative stress injury induced by hydrogen peroxide via regulating miR143 and its target protein in hepatocytes

To investigate the impact of miRNA (microRNA) on hepatic oxidative stress damage under the human mesenchymal stem cell conditioned medium (MSC-CM) and explore the roles of the beta-1 adrenergic receptor (ADRB1...

Authors: Xuejing Xu, Dong Li, Xue Li, Qing Shi and Xiuli Ju

Helios + Regulatory T cell frequencies are correlated with control of viral replication and recovery of absolute CD4 T cells counts in early HIV-1 infection

The acute phase of HIV infection is characterized by massive depletion of CD4 T cells, high viral plasma levels and pronounced systemic immune activation. Regulatory T cells (Tregs) have the potential to contr...

Authors: Raquel Matavele Chissumba, Eduardo Namalango, Vânia Maphossa, Ivalda Macicame, Nilesh Bhatt, Christina Polyak, Merlin Robb, Nelson Michael, Ilesh Jani and Luc Kestens

The influence of HK2 blood group antigen on human B cell activation for ABOi-KT conditions

It is well known that ABO blood group system incompatible kidney transplantation (ABOi-KT) is an effective strategy for end-stage renal disease. The main barrier for ABOi-KT is how to keep host B cell activati...

Authors: Jingsong Cao, Luogen Liu, Yunsheng Zhang, Jianhua Xiao and Yi Wang

Hyporesponsiveness of natural killer cells and impaired inflammatory responses in critically ill patients

To investigate natural killer (NK) cell activity, circulating cytokine level and peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) cytokine production status in critically ill patients.

Authors: Minkyung Kim, Minjoo Kim, Hana Jeong, Jey Sook Chae, Young Sam Kim, Jae Gil Lee, Younsoo Cho and Jong Ho Lee

C-reactive protein (CRP) but not the related pentraxins serum amyloid P and PTX3 inhibits the proliferation and induces apoptosis of the leukemia cell line Mono Mac 6

Pentraxins are a family of highly conserved secreted proteins that regulate the innate immune system, including monocytes and macrophages. C-reactive protein (CRP) is a plasma protein whose levels can rise to ...

Authors: Wensheng Chen, Darrell Pilling and Richard H. Gomer

Transcriptomic data from two primary cell models stimulating human monocytes suggest inhibition of oxidative phosphorylation and mitochondrial function by N. meningitidis which is partially up-regulated by IL-10

Biological interpretation of DNA microarray data may differ depending on underlying assumptions and statistical tests of bioinformatics tools used. We used Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA) and Ingenuity Pat...

Authors: Unni Gopinathan, Reidun Øvstebø, Berit Sletbakk Brusletto, Ole Kristoffer Olstad, Peter Kierulf, Petter Brandtzaeg and Jens Petter Berg

Correction to: Adverse events following immunization with pentavalent vaccine: experiences of newly introduced vaccine in Iran

Authors: Manoochehr Karami, Pegah Ameri, Jalal Bathaei, Zeinab Berangi, Tahereh Pashaei, Ali Zahiri, Seyed Mohsen Zahraei, Hussein Erfani and Koen Ponnet

Synergistic oligodeoxynucleotide strongly promotes CpG-induced interleukin-6 production

Bacterial genomes span a significant portion of diversity, reflecting their adaptation strategies; these strategies include nucleotide usage biases that affect chromosome configuration. Here, we explore an imm...

Authors: Shireen Nigar, Yoshinari Yamamoto, Takuma Okajima, Suguru Shigemori, Takashi Sato, Tasuku Ogita and Takeshi Shimosato

Selection of reliable reference genes for the normalisation of gene expression levels following time course LPS stimulation of murine bone marrow derived macrophages

Macrophages are key players in the initiation, perpetuation and regulation of both innate and adaptive immune responses. They largely perform these roles through modulation of the expression of genes, especial...

Authors: Akane Tanaka, Joyce To, Bronwyn O’Brien, Sheila Donnelly and Maria Lund

Adverse events following immunization with pentavalent vaccine: experiences of newly introduced vaccine in Iran

The most important factors that affect the incidence of vaccine-related complications are the constituent biological components of the vaccine, injection site reactions, age and sex. The aim of this study is t...

Authors: Manoochehr Karami, Pegah Ameri, Jalal Bathaei, Zeinab Berangi, Tahereh Pashaei, Ali Zahiri, Seyed Mohsen Zahraei, Hussein Erfani and Koen Ponnet

JAK inhibitor has the amelioration effect in lupus-prone mice: the involvement of IFN signature gene downregulation

We previously reported that JAK–STAT-pathway mediated regulation of IFN-regulatory factor genes could play an important role in SLE pathogenesis. Here, we evaluated the efficacy of the JAK inhibitor tofacitini...

Authors: Keigo Ikeda, Kunihiro Hayakawa, Maki Fujishiro, Mikiko Kawasaki, Takuya Hirai, Hiroshi Tsushima, Tomoko Miyashita, Satoshi Suzuki, Shinji Morimoto, Naoto Tamura, Kenji Takamori, Hideoki Ogawa and Iwao Sekigawa