Bonilla FA, Bernstein IL, Khan DA, Ballas ZK, Chinen J, Frank MM, Kobrynski LJ, Levinson AI, Mazer B, Nelson RP Jr, et al. Practice parameter for the diagnosis and management of primary immunodeficiency. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol. 2005;94(5 Suppl 1):S1–63.
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Bonilla FA, Khan DA, Ballas ZK, Chinen J, Frank MM, Hsu JT, Keller M, Kobrynski LJ, Komarow HD, Mazer B, et al. Practice parameter for the diagnosis and management of primary immunodeficiency. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2015;136(5):1186–205.
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Picard C, Bobby Gaspar H, Al-Herz W, Bousfiha A, Casanova JL, Chatila T, Crow YJ, Cunningham-Rundles C, Etzioni A, Franco JL, et al. International Union of Immunological Societies: 2017 primary immunodeficiency diseases committee report on inborn errors of immunity. J Clin Immunol. 2018;38(1):96–128.
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Ferrante A, Beard LJ, Feldman RG. IgG subclass distribution of antibodies to bacterial and viral antigens. Pediatr Infect Dis J. 1990;9(8 Suppl):S16–24.
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Herrod HG. Clinical significance of IgG subclasses. Curr Opin Pediatr. 1993;5(6):696–9.
Article
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Parker A, Irure Ventura J, Sims D, Echeverria de Carlos A, Gomez de la Torre R, Tricas Aizpun L, et al. Measurement of the IgG2 response to pneumococcal capsular polysaccharides may identify an antibody deficiency in individuals referred for immunological investigation. J Immunoassay Immunochem. 2017;38:514–22.
Article
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Lacombe C, Aucouturier P, Preud'homme JL. Selective IgG1 deficiency. Clin Immunol Immunopathol. 1997;84(2):194–201.
Article
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Barton JC, Bertoli LF, Barton JC, Acton RT. Selective subnormal IgG1 in 54 adult index patients with frequent or severe bacterial respiratory tract infections. J Immunol Res. 2016;2016:1405950.
Article
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Siber GR, Schur PH, Aisenberg AC, Weitzman SA, Schiffman G. Correlation between serum IgG-2 concentrations and the antibody response to bacterial polysaccharide antigens. N Engl J Med. 1980;303(4):178–82.
Article
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Barrett DJ, Ayoub EM. IgG2 subclass restriction of antibody to pneumococcal polysaccharides. Clin Exp Immunol. 1986;63(1):127–34.
CAS
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Hammarström L, Smith CI. IgG2 deficiency in a healthy blood donor. Concomitant lack of IgG2, IgA and IgE immunoglobulins and specific anti-carbohydrate antibodies. Clin Exp Immunol. 1983;51(3):600–4.
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Kuijpers TW, Weening RS, Out TA. IgG subclass deficiencies and recurrent pyogenic infections, unresponsiveness against bacterial polysaccharide antigens. Allergol Immunopathol (Madr). 1992;20(1):28–34.
CAS
Google Scholar
Oxelius VA, Hanson LA, Björkander J, Hammarström L, Sjöholm A. IgG3 deficiency: common in obstructive lung disease. Hereditary in families with immunodeficiency and autoimmune disease. Monogr Allergy. 1986;20:106–15.
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Barton JC, Bertoli LF, Acton RT. HLA-A and -B alleles and haplotypes in 240 index patients with common variable immunodeficiency and selective IgG subclass deficiency in Central Alabama. BMC Med Genet. 2003;4:3.
Article
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Aalberse RC, Stapel SO, Schuurman J, Rispens T. Immunoglobulin G4: an odd antibody. Clin Exp Allergy. 2009;39(4):469–77.
Article
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Adjobimey T, Hoerauf A. Induction of immunoglobulin G4 in human filariasis: an indicator of immunoregulation. Ann Trop Med Parasitol. 2010;104(6):455–64.
Article
CAS
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Sorensen RU, Hidalgo H, Moore C, Leiva LE. Post-immunization pneumococcal antibody titers and IgG subclasses. Pediatr Pulmonol. 1996;22(3):167–73.
Article
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Abrahamian F, Agrawal S, Gupta S. Immunological and clinical profile of adult patients with selective immunoglobulin subclass deficiency: response to intravenous immunoglobulin therapy. Clin Exp Immunol. 2010;159(3):344–50.
Article
CAS
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Barton JC, Bertoli LF, Barton JC, Acton RT. Selective subnormal IgG3 in 121 adult index patients with frequent or severe bacterial respiratory tract infections. Cell Immunol. 2016;299:50–7.
Article
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
May A, Zielen S, von Ilberg C, Weber A. Immunoglobulin deficiency and determination of pneumococcal antibody titers in patients with therapy-refractory recurrent rhinosinusitis. Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol. 1999;256(9):445–9.
Article
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Van Kessel DA, Hoffman TW, Van Velzen-Blad H, Zanen P, Rijkers GT, Grutters JC. Response to pneumococcal vaccination in mannose-binding lectin-deficient adults with recurrent respiratory tract infections. Clin Exp Immunol. 2014;177(1):272–9.
Article
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Bousfiha A, Jeddane L, Picard C, Ailal F, Bobby Gaspar H, Al-Herz W, Chatila T, Crow YJ, Cunningham-Rundles C, Etzioni A, et al. The 2017 IUIS phenotypic classification for primary Immunodeficiencies. J Clin Immunol. 2018;38(1):129–43.
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Barton JC, Bertoli LF, Barton JC. Comparisons of CVID and IgGSD: referring physicians, autoimmune conditions, pneumovax reactivity, immunoglobulin levels, blood lymphocyte subsets, and HLA-A and -B typing in 432 adult index patients. J Immunol Res. 2014;2014:542706.
Article
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
American Diabetes Association. Diagnosis and classification of diabetes mellitus. Diabetes Care. 2013;36(Suppl 1):S67–74.
Article
Google Scholar
Tomczyk S, Bennett NM, Stoecker C, Gierke R, Moore MR, Whitney CG, Hadler S, Pilishvili T, Centers for Disease C, Prevention. Use of 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine and 23-valent pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine among adults aged >/=65 years: recommendations of the advisory committee on immunization practices (ACIP). MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2014;63(37):822–5.
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Pneumococcal vaccine recommendations. https://www.cdc.gov/vaccines/vpd/pneumo/hcp/recommendations.html. Accessed 15 Aug 2019.
Kim JH, Park HJ, Choi GS, Kim JE, Ye YM, Nahm DH, Park HS. Immunoglobulin G subclass deficiency is the major phenotype of primary immunodeficiency in a Korean adult cohort. J Korean Med Sci. 2010;25(6):824–8.
Article
CAS
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Weinberger DM, Harboe ZB, Sanders EA, Ndiritu M, Klugman KP, Ruckinger S, Dagan R, Adegbola R, Cutts F, Johnson HL, et al. Association of serotype with risk of death due to pneumococcal pneumonia: a meta-analysis. Clin Infect Dis. 2010;51(6):692–9.
Article
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Song JY, Nahm MH, Moseley MA. Clinical implications of pneumococcal serotypes: invasive disease potential, clinical presentations, and antibiotic resistance. J Korean Med Sci. 2013;28(1):4–15.
Article
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Grabenstein JD, Musey LK. Differences in serious clinical outcomes of infection caused by specific pneumococcal serotypes among adults. Vaccine. 2014;32(21):2399–405.
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Jefferis R, Kumararatne DS. Selective IgG subclass deficiency: quantification and clinical relevance. Clin Exp Immunol. 1990;81(3):357–67.
Article
CAS
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Kim DG, Kim C, Park S, Jung KS. Incidence of Immunoglobulin G Subclass deficiencies in patients with bronchiectasis and the clinical characteristics of patients with immunoglobulin G subclass deficiency and bronchiectasis; 2009.
Book
Google Scholar
Mikolajczyk MG, Concepcion NF, Wang T, Frazier D, Golding B, Frasch CE, Scott DE. Characterization of antibodies to capsular polysaccharide antigens of Haemophilus influenzae type b and Streptococcus pneumoniae in human immune globulin intravenous preparations. Clin Diagn Lab Immunol. 2004;11(6):1158–64.
CAS
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Lindberg AA. Polyosides (encapsulated bacteria). C R Acad Sci III. 1999;322(11):925–32.
Article
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Hammarström L, Carbonara AO, DeMarchi M, Lefranc G, Moller G, Smith CI, Zegers BJ. Subclass restriction pattern of antigen-specific antibodies in donors with defective expression of IgG or IgA subclass heavy chain constant region genes. Clin Immunol Immunopathol. 1987;45(3):461–70.
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Roberton DM, Björkander J, Henrichsen J, Söderström T, Hanson LA. Enhanced IgG1 and IgG3 responses to pneumococcal polysaccharides in isolated IgA deficiency. Clin Exp Immunol. 1989;75(2):201–5.
CAS
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Söderström T, Söderström R, Avanzini A, Brandtzaeg P, Karlsson G, Hanson LA. Immunoglobulin G subclass deficiencies. Int Arch Allergy Appl Immunol. 1987;82(3–4):476–80.
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Sarmiento E, Mora R, Rodriguez-Mahou M, Rodriguez-Molina J, Fernandez-Cruz E, Carbone J. Autoimmune disease in primary antibody deficiencies. Allergol Immunopathol (Madr). 2005;33(2):69–73.
Article
CAS
Google Scholar
Barlan IB, Geha RS, Schneider LC. Therapy for patients with recurrent infections and low serum IgG3 levels. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 1993;92(2):353–5.
Article
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Falagas ME, Mourtzoukou EG, Vardakas KZ. Sex differences in the incidence and severity of respiratory tract infections. Respir Med. 2007;101(9):1845–63.
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Park S, Nahm MH. Older adults have a low capacity to opsonize pneumococci due to low IgM antibody response to pneumococcal vaccinations. Infect Immun. 2011;79:314–20.
Article
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Parker AR, Park MA, Harding S, Abraham RS. The total IgM, IgA and IgG antibody responses to pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccination (Pneumovax®23) in a healthy adult population and patients diagnosed with primary immunodeficiencies. Vaccine. 2019;37(10):1350–5.
Article
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Martin RJ, Kraft M, Chu HW, Berns EA, Cassell GH. A link between chronic asthma and chronic infection. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2001;107(4):595–601.
Article
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Mao W, Cui EH. Distribution of pathogens causing nosocomial infection in patients with bronchial asthma. Genet Mol Res. 2015;14(4):16146–50.
Article
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Iikura M, Hojo M, Koketsu R, Watanabe S, Sato A, Chino H, Ro S, Masaki H, Hirashima J, Ishii S, et al. The importance of bacterial and viral infections associated with adult asthma exacerbations in clinical practice. PLoS One. 2015;10(4):e0123584.
Article
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Alho OP, Karttunen R, Karttunen TJ. Nasal mucosa in natural colds: effects of allergic rhinitis and susceptibility to recurrent sinusitis. Clin Exp Immunol. 2004;137(2):366–72.
Article
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Ruben FL, Uhrin M. Specific immunoglobulin-class antibody responses in the elderly before and after 14-valent pneumococcal vaccine. J Infect Dis. 1985;151(5):845–9.
Article
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Roghmann KJ, Tabloski PA, Bentley DW, Schiffman G. Immune response of elderly adults to pneumococcus: variation by age, sex, and functional impairment. J Gerontol. 1987;42(3):265–70.
Article
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Lottenbach KR, Mink CM, Barenkamp SJ, Anderson EL, Homan SM, Powers DC. Age-associated differences in immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1) and IgG2 subclass antibodies to pneumococcal polysaccharides following vaccination. Infect Immun. 1999;67(9):4935–8.
CAS
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Romero-Steiner S, Musher DM, Cetron MS, Pais LB, Groover JE, Fiore AE, Plikaytis BD, Carlone GM. Reduction in functional antibody activity against Streptococcus pneumoniae in vaccinated elderly individuals highly correlates with decreased IgG antibody avidity. Clin Infect Dis. 1999;29(2):281–8.
Article
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Kolibab K, Smithson SL, Rabquer B, Khuder S, Westerink MA. Immune response to pneumococcal polysaccharides 4 and 14 in elderly and young adults: analysis of the variable heavy chain repertoire. Infect Immun. 2005;73(11):7465–76.
Article
CAS
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Kim HW, Lee S, Kim KH. Serotype 6B from a pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine induces cross-functional antibody responses in adults to serotypes 6A, 6C, and 6D. Medicine (Baltimore). 2016;95(37):e4854.
Article
CAS
Google Scholar
Wang X, Stollar BD. Immunoglobulin VH gene expression in human aging. Clin Immunol. 1999;93(2):132–42.
Article
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Butterworth M, McClellan B, Allansmith M. Influence of sex in immunoglobulin levels. Nature. 1967;214(5094):1224–5.
Article
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Rhodes K, Scott A, Markham RL, Monk-Jones ME. Immunological sex differences. A study of patients with rheumatoid arthritis, their relatives, and controls. Ann Rheum Dis. 1969;28(2):104–20.
Article
CAS
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Kocar IH, Yesilova Z, Ozata M, Turan M, Sengul A, Ozdemir I. The effect of testosterone replacement treatment on immunological features of patients with Klinefelter's syndrome. Clin Exp Immunol. 2000;121(3):448–52.
Article
CAS
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Sankilampi U, Honkanen PO, Bloigu A, Herva E, Leinonen M. Antibody response to pneumococcal capsular polysaccharide vaccine in the elderly. J Infect Dis. 1996;173(2):387–93.
Article
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Brandao AP, de Oliveira TC, de Cunto Brandileone MC, Goncalves JE, Yara TI, Simonsen V. Persistence of antibody response to pneumococcal capsular polysaccharides in vaccinated long term-care residents in Brazil. Vaccine. 2004;23(6):762–8.
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Hare ND, Smith BJ, Ballas ZK. Antibody response to pneumococcal vaccination as a function of preimmunization titer. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2009;123(1):195–200.
Article
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Giudicelli V, Chaume D, Lefranc MP. IMGT/GENE-DB: a comprehensive database for human and mouse immunoglobulin and T cell receptor genes. Nucleic Acids Res. 2005;33(Database issue):D256–61.
Article
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Jefferis R, Lefranc MP. Human immunoglobulin allotypes: possible implications for immunogenicity. MAbs. 2009;1(4):332–8.
Article
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Aaberge IS, Michaelsen TE, Heier HE. IgG subclass antibody responses to pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine in splenectomized, otherwise normal, individuals. Scand J Immunol. 1990;31(6):711–6.
Article
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar